There is a mathematical concept called “fuzzy sets”. Normally in mathematics (or logic) an object either belongs to a set, or it does not. If we talk about (counting) numbers the concept of an even number is precise enough that a number either is even or it isn't. But in everyday thinking we are constantly dealing with things that aren't so simply categorized.
For example, to a small child,
virtually every adult she knows is tall. But as we grow up,
the set of tall people changes, no longer including people that we
once considered tall. And even as an adult we may be able to say that
a certain person is tall, but another is “kind of” tall.
Membership in the group of tall people is fuzzy.
We can even get a little silly and
consider the set of fuzzy cats. There are cats that are certainly
fuzzy, so belong to the group, and there are “hairless” cats that
certainly do not. And there are a lot of cats in between. Ones that
are sort of fuzzy. So fuzziness is a fuzzy concept. (As an exercise
to the reader, you can go through the same process with dogs.)
Due to the fact that it is hard to
make rules or laws that deal with fuzzy concepts, we often have to
make arbitrary cutoffs for inclusion in a set. For example, you might
be in a high risk group if your cholesterol is above a specified
value. Or you might be struggling to make ends meet, but still not
fall into the income range to be said to be in poverty.
In the science fiction book Little
Fuzzy by H. Beam Piper
(available for free as an ebook from Project Gutenberg,
gutenberg.org, and as an audiobook at Librivox, librivox.org) there
is a legal issue, actually a murder case, depending on whether
certain creatures satisfy the definition of intelligent. When laws
get involved, we can get some pretty hard and fast rules applied to
some pretty fuzzy concepts.
In
Little Fuzzy, the
definition they use for intelligent is “uses language and builds
fires”. Which has problems built in for aquatic creatures. Not
bottlenose dolphin would ever be able to be considered intelligent if
they had to build a fire. So hard and fast rules can lead to problems
if we haven't thought those rules through in all scenarios.
Now, I may have
mentioned the book before, but I do have a certain guilt associated
with it. I judged the book by its cover. There were these cute little
furry people with great big eyes. It didn't look like it would fit my
mature sensibilities (I was in high school after all). So I didn't
read the book for several years. But once I did, I've ended up
rereading it a few times. So hopefully I learned a lesson.
Maybe
I did, since a short play I've written “NIMBY” deals with the
problem of judging things, in this case people, by appearances. This
play is going to be performed as Readers Theatre (actors reading the
play) at the Center of the World Festival at Pine Mountain Club on
August 18th.
I realize that
that is Mountain Festival weekend, so I won't be able to stack the
voting with my fans... Is that crickets I hear?
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